p Degradation of ocean ecosystemSubmitted by Degradation of maritime ecosystemIntroductionMarine ecosystems today be under severe environmental breed due to human activity . Eutrophication suffer be brand as the most important factor causing abasement of a marine ecosystem today Eutrophication bathroom be unsounded as the enrichment of an ecosystem with excess chemical nutrients like nitrogen or phosphorus . Eutrophication can be considered a severe pee-pee of pollution be gravel it promotes excessive plant growth , favoring certain species everyplace others and forcing a change in species composition . In marine aquatic environments br enhanced growth of choking aquatic vegetation of phytoplankton disrupts the equilibrium of the ecosystem . There are serious bionomic impacts of Eutrophication namely , decreased biodiversity , changes in species composition , dominance , and toxicity effectsSummaryWhen a Marine ecosystem receives abnormal levels of nutrients due to human activities , thither is an abnormal increase in the primary producer species much(prenominal) as algae in aquatic ecosystems . This is cal direct an algal charge . Algal blooms seriously affect the sunlight availability to bottom-dwelling organisms and cause variations in the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water . Further indiscriminate slanting activity has also led to an imbalance in the fish population . Under such eutrophic and disturbing conditions , during dark , there is severe oxygen depletion by the respiring algae and by microorganisms that feed on the increasing weed of dead algae . When dissolved oxygen levels decline to hypoxic levels , fish and other marine creatures such as shrimp curiously immobile bottom dwellers die due to suffocation . chronic Eutrophication leads to acute anaerobic conditions promoting growth of bacteria such as Clostridium botulinum that can produce deadly toxins that can kill even marine mammals creating toxic zones called dead zones in the marine ecosystemThe consequencesEutrophication also causes abundant availability of a usually limiting nutrient leading to shifts in the species composition of ecosystems .

For example , an abnormal increase in nitrogen allows competitive species to attack and dominate the native inhabitant species . Algal blooms also cognize as nuisance algae or harmful algal blooms and are often toxic to plants and animals . These toxic compounds find their counseling up the ecological food chain . An example of algal toxins finding their way into humans is the case of mollusc inebriation (Shumway 1990 . Biotoxins created during algal blooms are taken up by shellfish (mussels , oysters , causing paralytic , neurotoxic and diarrhoetic shellfish inebriation in human beings . Other marine animals act as vectors for such toxins , as in the case of ciguatera , a predator fish that accumulates the toxin and then poisons humansSpecific sources that contribute to nutrient loading can be classified as point and nonpoint sources . Point sources are those sources where the nutrient waste travels directly from source to water as in factories that leave waste discharge pipes directly into a water body . Nonpoint sources of pollution known as diffuse or runoff pollution comes from ill-defined and diffuse sources . Commercial activities such as mineral extraction , disposal of Waste products such as sewage and industrial waste , fishing and tourism has shamed marine ecosystems . Some of...If you want to get a secure essay, order it on our website: Ordercustompaper.com

If you want to get a full essay, wisit our page: write my paper