Role of Women in the Middle East

The family slowed down the pace of modernization within Saudi Arabia in response to that threat. Yet, both countries witness themselves Islamic, control by the shari'a, rather than any system of secularized, positive law.

Saudi Arabia. Wo manpower in Saudi Arabia are governed strictly by shari'a law and by the interpretations of the religious police. They are segregated from men at all levels of society. At the same time, they have spacious financial power, because of the inheritance laws that allow them to gain from the oil riches in the country.

They have no political access or power, but then, neither do most of the men in Saudi Arabia, including many of the vast number of princes within the empurpled family itself. They live in a traditional, authoritarian, patriarchal society that is ruled by one family, and one that controls most of the wealth of the country. The family seeks to say its position by controlling politics within the country, and manipulating neighbourhoodal politics in order to manage relative placidity in Saudi Arabia.

Afghanistan. On the other hand, Afghanistan's women are presently affected by one small group of prow Islamic fundamentalists who have gained power in the central region of the country. This group has gone well beyond Islamization, or yet the fundamentalism of Iran nether Khomeini. It has denied women the most basic

of rights, including those guaranteed to them below the Qur'an.

Secularized cultures in the Middle East have found themselves under increasing pressure to become more Islamic. However, they still maintain their secular orientation, whether as democracy, in Turkey, or socialist regime, as in Syria.

Iran. There have been some changes in Iran since the betimes days of the revolution, although clearly the position of women has not returned to that of the days of the Shah of Iran. trance that uttermost was marked by advances and reversals in women's rights, the current period is one during which women are forced to work within the parameters of the personalizedstatus laws which are based strictly on shari'a and sacred scripture within the Qur'an. MirHosseini (Afshar, 1993) noted that women do manage to carve discover some personal freedom within these restrictions, but that this passion comes from preKhomeini Iran, from Westernized and feminist thought.

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